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H.454 (Act 73)

An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Rep. Casey Toof , Rep. Patricia McCoy , Rep. Christopher Taylor , Rep. Joshua Dobrovich , Rep. Beth Quimby
Senate Committee on Education
6/16/2025 - House message: Governor approved bill on July 1, 2025
Sponsor(s)
Location
Senate Committee on Education
Last Recorded Action
Senate 6/16/2025 - House message: Governor approved bill on July 1, 2025
Bill/Resolution Text

NOTE: to print information that appears on a tab within the bill page, use the Print link on that tab.

An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Detailed Status

Regular Session 2025-2026
Body Date Journal Calendar Location Full Status
An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Roll Call History

Regular Session 2025-2026
Body Date Journal Location Full Status

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Although procedurally bills and resolutions are assigned to only one committee at a time, other committees may review the bill or resolution. This page contains results from both the assigned committee as well as other committees.

An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee Meetings

Regular Session 2025-2026
Meeting Date Committee
An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Meeting Full List

Regular Session 2025-2026
No meeting history found for H.454 in the Regular Session 2025-2026.
An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Witnesses Who Testified

Regular Session 2025-2026
Committee of Conference
  • Tucker Anderson, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Sarah Copeland Hanzas, Secretary of State, Secretary of State's Office
  • Tim Devlin, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Jake Feldman, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Department of Taxes
  • Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Ezra Holben, Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Jason Maulucci, Director of Policy Development and Legislative Affairs, Governor's Office
  • Julia Richter, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Rebecca Sameroff, Deputy Commissioner, Department of Taxes
  • Sean Sheehan, Director of Elections and Campaign Finance, Secretary of State's Office
  • Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
House Committee on Appropriations
  • Rep. Peter Conlon, Chair, House Committee on Education
  • Rep. Gina Galfetti, Sponsor, House Committee on Corrections and Institutions
  • Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Ezra Holben, Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Rep. Charles Kimbell, Member, House Committee on Ways and Means
  • Rep. Emilie Kornheiser, Chair, Joint Fiscal Committee
  • Julia Richter, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Chris Rupe, Associate Fiscal Officer, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Rep. Casey Toof, Sponsor, House Committee on Education
House Committee on Commerce and Economic Development
  • Rep. Erin Brady
  • Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
House Committee on Education
  • Ada Allen, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Jill Briggs Campbell, Interim Deputy Secretary, Agency of Education
  • Morgan Cable, Student, Long Trail School
  • Rep. William Canfield, Vice Chair, House Committee on Ways and Means
  • Sue Ceglowski, Executive Director, Vermont School Boards Association
  • Ari Chapin, Student, U-32 Middle & High School
  • Cheryl Charles, Chair, Windham Northeast Supervisory Union Board
  • Elaine Collins, Superintendent, North Country Supervisory Union
  • Sarah Copeland Hanzas, Secretary of State, Secretary of State's Office
  • Arena Coryer, Student, Colchester High School
  • Lynn Cota, Treasurer, Vermont Superintendents Association
  • Madeline Crank, Student, Hazen Union High School
  • Hibo Dahir, Student, Champlain Valley Union High School
  • Morgan Daybell, Past President, Vermont Association of School Business Officials
  • Max Demaine, Student, Lake Region Union High School
  • Pankti Desai, Student, Essex High School
  • Rep. Anne B. Donahue, Sponsor
  • Zoe Epstein, Student, Champlain Valley Union High School
  • Naomi Fitzpatrick, Student, Long Trail School
  • Rep. Gina Galfetti, Sponsor
  • Raz Gletsos, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Rep. William "Will" Greer, Sponsor
  • Evan Hare, Student, The Sharon Academy
  • Oryon Hart, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Lauren Hibbert, Deputy Secretary of State, Secretary of State's Office
  • Ezra Holben, Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Krista Huling, Board Member, Friends of Vermont Public Education
  • Iris Jacobs, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Rue Jacobs, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Jaye Johnson, General Counsel, Governor's Office
  • Adam Karle, Student, Mount Holly Elementary School
  • Gavin Keep, Student, The Sharon Academy
  • Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Rep. Charles Kimbell, Ranking Member, House Committee on Ways and Means
  • Jamie Kinnarney, Superintendent, White River Valley Supervisory Union
  • Rep. Emilie Kornheiser, Chair, House Committee on Ways and Means
  • Logan Martes, Student, Woodstock Union High School
  • Eddie McGrath, Student, Montpelier High School
  • Raz Mille, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Amy Minor, President, Vermont Superintendents Association
  • Chelsea Myers, Executive Director, Vermont Superintendents Association
  • Chloe Ngu, Student, Champlain Valley Union High School
  • Jay Nichols, Executive Director, Vermont Principals' Association
  • Neil Odell, Founding Member, Board of Directors, Friends of Vermont Public Education
  • Oliver Olsen, Vermont Independent Schools Association
  • Rep. Herb Olson, Sponsor
  • Patrick Reen, Trustee, Vermont Superintendents Association
  • Nicole Richie Asiimwe, Student, Champlain Valley Union High School
  • Julia Richter, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Zoie Saunders, Secretary, Agency of Education
  • Isla Segal, Student, Woodstock Union Middle School
  • Willow Sharma, Student, Brattleboro Union High School
  • Sean Sheehan, Director of Elections and Campaign Finance, Secretary of State's Office
  • Jacoby Soter, Student, Bellows Free Academy St. Albans
  • Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Rep. Casey Toof, Sponsor
  • Alex Young-Springer, Student, Hunt Middle School
  • Lylah Zeitlin, Student, Woodstock Union High School
House Committee on Ways and Means
  • Jeanne Albert, School Board Chair, Lincoln
  • Natalya Boshkov, Plymouth
  • Edgar Clodfelter, Senior Appraiser, NEMRC
  • Rep. Peter Conlon, Chair, House Committee on Education
  • Austin Davis, Director, Government Affairs, Lake Champlain Regional Chamber of Commerce
  • Lindsay DesLauriers, President, Bolton Valley Resort
  • Rep. Anne B. Donahue, Sponsor, House Committee on Human Services
  • Jeff Fannon, Executive Director, Vermont National Education Association
  • Jake Feldman, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Department of Taxes
  • Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Rep. William "Will" Greer, Sponsor
  • Ryan Heraty, Superintendent, Lamoille South Supervisory Union
  • Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Tammy Kolbe, Principal Researcher, American Institutes for Research
  • R Todd LeBlanc, St. Albans
  • Brian Maggiotta, Owner, Inn at Manchester
  • Pollaidh Major, Director of Policy and Special Projects, Vermont Housing & Conservation Board
  • Chelsea Myers, Executive Director, Vermont Superintendents Association
  • Jay Nichols, Executive Director, Vermont Principals' Association
  • Jill Remick, Director of Property Valuation and Review, Department of Taxes
  • Julia Richter, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Rebecca Sameroff, Deputy Commissioner, Department of Taxes
  • Samantha Sheehan, Municipal Policy and Advocacy Specialist, Vermont League of Cities and Towns
  • Linda Sherman, President, Vermont Assessors and Listers Association
  • Amy Spear, Vermont Chamber President, Vermont Chamber of Commerce
  • Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Rep. Casey Toof, Sponsor
  • Peter Tucker, Advocacy & Public Policy Director, Vermont Association of Realtors
  • Aileen Tulloch, Former Lister, Putney
  • Joe Turner, Assessor, City of Burlington
  • Rep. Theresa Wood, Sponsor
  • Lisa Wright, Past President, Vermont Assessors and Listers Association
  • Stephanie Yu, Executive Director, Public Assets Institute
Senate Committee on Appropriations
  • Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Ezra Holben, Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Julia Richter, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Chris Rupe, Associate Fiscal Officer, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
Senate Committee on Economic Development, Housing and General Affairs
  • Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
Senate Committee on Education
  • Ada Allen, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Sen. Scott Beck, Senator, Caledonia District
  • Jill Briggs Campbell, Deputy Secretary, Agency of Education
  • Amanda Brown, President, APA Consulting
  • Morgan Cable, Student, Long Trail School
  • Jill Briggs Campbell, Director of Operations, Agency of Education
  • Sue Ceglowski, Executive Director, Vermont School Boards Association
  • Ari Chapin, Student, U-32 Middle & High School
  • Cheryl Charles, Chair, Westminster School Board
  • Rep. Peter Conlon, Chair, House Committee on Education
  • Arena Coryer, Student, Colchester High School
  • Madeline Crank, Student, Hazen Union High School
  • Hibo Dahir, Student, Champlain Valley Union High School
  • Max Demaine, Student, Lake Region Union High School
  • Pankti Desai, Student, Essex High School
  • Flor Diaz-Smith, President, Vermont School Boards Association
  • Zoe Epstein, Student, Champlain Valley Union High School
  • Jeff Fannon, Executive Director, Vermont National Education Association
  • Naomi Fitzpatrick, Student, Long Trail School
  • Meg Fuerst, Representative, Action Circles
  • Raz Gletsos, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Sen. Ruth Hardy, Sponsor
  • Evan Hare, Student, The Sharon Academy
  • Oryon Hart, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Ezra Holben, Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Iris Jacobs, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Rue Jacobs, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Adam Karle, Student, Mount Holly Elementary School
  • Gavin Keep, Student, The Sharon Academy
  • Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Jamie Kinnarney, Superintendent, White River Valley Supervisory Union
  • Tammy Kolbe, Principal Researcher, American Institutes for Research
  • Rep. Emilie Kornheiser, Chair, House Committee on Ways and Means
  • Logan Martes, Student, Woodstock Union High School
  • Eddie McGrath, Student, Montpelier High School
  • Raz Mille, Student, Craftsbury Academy
  • Chelsea Myers, Executive Director, Vermont Superintendents Association
  • Chloe Ngu, Student, Champlain Valley Union High School
  • Jay Nichols, Executive Director, Vermont Principals' Association
  • Oliver Olsen, Vermont Independent Schools Association
  • Oliver Olsen, Former Representative and Former Chair of the State Board of Education, Vermont Independent Schools Association
  • Laura Pelosi, Lobbyist, St. Johnsbury Academy
  • Nicole Richie Asiimwe, Student, Champlain Valley Union High School
  • Julia Richter, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Zoie Saunders, Secretary, Agency of Education
  • Willow Sharma, Student, Brattleboro Union High School
  • Jacoby Soter, Student, Bellows Free Academy St. Albans
  • Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Nicol Whalen, Vice Chair, Southwest Vermont Supervisory Union Board
  • Lylah Zeitlin, Student, Woodstock Union High School
Senate Committee on Finance
  • Jeanne Albert, Steering Committee Member, Rural School Community Alliance
  • Alan Bjerke, Attorney, Burlington
  • Seth Bongartz, Senate Committee on Education
  • Jill Briggs Campbell, Interim Deputy Secretary, Agency of Education
  • Mimi Burnstein, Assessor/Lister, Randolph Lister's Office
  • Heather Bushey, President, Vermont Association of School Business Officials
  • Edgar Clodfelter, Senior Appraiser, NEMRC
  • Rep. Peter Conlon, Chair, House Committee on Education
  • Austin Davis, Director, Government Affairs, Lake Champlain Regional Chamber of Commerce
  • Flor Diaz-Smith, President, Vermont School Boards Association
  • Ashlynn Doyon, Director of Policy, Office of the State Treasurer
  • Jeff Fannon, Executive Director, Vermont National Education Association
  • Jake Feldman, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Department of Taxes
  • Allen Gilbert, Former Chair, Worcester School Board, Former Executive Director, Vermont American Civil Liberties Union
  • Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Josh Hanford, Director of Intergovernmental Affairs, Vermont League of Cities and Towns
  • Ryan Heralty, Superintendent of Lamoille South and Principal of Elmore School
  • Ezra Holben, Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Tammy Kolbe, Principal Researcher, American Institutes for Research
  • Tammy Kolbe, Vice Chair, Vermont State Board of Education
  • Rep. Emilie Kornheiser, Chair, House Committee on Ways and Means
  • Karen Lafayette, Legislative Liaison, Vermont Low Income Advocacy Council
  • Brian Maggiotto, Owner, Inn at Manchester
  • Chelsea Myers, Executive Director, Vermont Superintendents Association
  • Jay Nichols, Executive Director, Vermont Principals' Association
  • Sen. Kesha Ram Hinsdale
  • Jill Remick, Director of Property Valuation and Review, Department of Taxes
  • Julia Richter, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Chris Rupe, Associate Fiscal Officer, Joint Fiscal Office
  • Rebecca Sameroff, Deputy Commissioner, Department of Taxes
  • Rebecca Sameroff, Deputy Commissioner, Department of Taxes
  • Zoie Saunders, Secretary, Agency of Education
  • Samantha Sheehan, Municipal Policy and Advocacy Specialist, Vermont League of Cities and Towns
  • Amy Spear, Vermont Chamber President, Vermont Chamber of Commerce
  • Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
  • Peter Tucker, Advocacy & Public Policy Director, Vermont Association of Realtors

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An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee of Conference Members

Regular Session 2025-2026
An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee of Conference Meetings

Regular Session 2025-2026
Meeting Date Committee
An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee of Conference Meeting Full List

Regular Session 2025-2026
Tuesday, May 27, 2025
Committee(s):
Committee of Conference
4:00 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Introductions

4:15 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Walk-through of bill

Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
Julia Richter, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
Ezra Holben, Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office

Wednesday, May 28, 2025
Committee(s):
Committee of Conference
9:00 AM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

2:00 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

Julia Richter, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Joint Fiscal Office
4:00 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Testimony from the Secretary of State's Office

Sarah Copeland Hanzas, Secretary of State, Secretary of State's Office
Sean Sheehan, Director of Elections and Campaign Finance, Secretary of State's Office

Thursday, May 29, 2025
Committee(s):
Committee of Conference
9:00 AM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Testimony from the Department of Taxes

Rebecca Sameroff, Deputy Commissioner, Department of Taxes
Jake Feldman, Senior Fiscal Analyst, Department of Taxes
11:15 AM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Jason Maulucci, Director of Policy Development and Legislative Affairs, Governor's Office
2:00 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Considerations regarding reapportionment of school wards

Tucker Anderson, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
Tim Devlin, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
2:25 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

3:25 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
5:25 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

6:25 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
7:30 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel

Friday, May 30, 2025
Committee(s):
Committee of Conference
11:20 AM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

2:55 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
5:05 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

6:25 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion

8:10 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Committee discussion


Wednesday, June 11, 2025
Committee(s):
Committee of Conference
10:00 AM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Review House Proposal

1:05 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
4:00 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems


Thursday, June 12, 2025
Committee(s):
Committee of Conference
11:00 AM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

2:15 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
5:10 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
7:45 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems


Friday, June 13, 2025
Committee(s):
Committee of Conference
9:50 AM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Beth St. James, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
Jon Gray, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
3:20 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel
4:00 PM

H.454 - An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems


Committee of Conference Report
Committee of Conference Report

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Act


An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Statutes Affected

Regular Session 2025-2026

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Staff & Other Information

Staff
Elizabeth St. James, Legislative Counsel
Jonathan Gray, Legislative Counsel
Kirby Keeton, Legislative Counsel

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