The Vermont Statutes Online

Title 8 : Banking and Insurance

Chapter 107 : Health Insurance

Subchapter 011 : PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CANCER

• § 4095f. Off-label use of prescription drugs for cancer

  (a) As used in this section:

  (1) “Medical or scientific evidence” means one or more of the following sources:

  (A) peer-reviewed scientific studies published in or accepted for publication by medical journals that meet nationally recognized requirements for scientific manuscripts and that submit most of their published articles for review by experts who are not part of the editorial staff;

  (B) peer-reviewed literature, biomedical compendia, and other medical literature that meet the criteria of the National Institutes of Health’s National Library of Medicine for indexing in Index Medicus, Excerpta Medicus (EMBASE), Medline, and MEDLARS database Health Services Technology Assessment Research (HSTAR);

  (C) medical journals recognized by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services under Section 1861(t)(2) of the Social Security Act;

  (D) the following standard reference compendia: the American Hospital Formulary Service-Drug Information, the American Medical Association Drug Evaluation, and the United States Pharmacopoeia-Drug Information;

  (E) findings, studies, or research conducted by or under the auspices of federal government agencies and nationally recognized federal research institutes, including the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, National Academy of Sciences, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, and any national board recognized by the National Institutes of Health for the purpose of evaluating the medical value of health services; and

  (F) peer-reviewed abstracts accepted for presentation at major medical association meetings.

  (2) “Medically accepted indication” includes any use of a drug that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and includes another use of the drug if that use is prescribed by the covered individual’s health care professional and supported by medical or scientific evidence.

  (3) “Off-label use” means the prescription and use of drugs for medically accepted indications other than those stated in the labeling approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

  (b) A health insurance plan shall provide coverage for off-label use in cancer treatment in accordance with the following:

  (1) A health insurance plan contract shall not exclude coverage for any drug used for the treatment of cancer on grounds that the drug has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, provided the use of the drug is a medically accepted indication for the treatment of cancer.

  (2) Coverage of a drug required by this section also includes medically necessary services associated with the administration of the drug.

  (3) This section shall not be construed to require coverage for a drug when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has determined its use to be contraindicated for treatment of the current indication.

  (4) A drug use that is covered under subdivision (1) of this subsection shall not be denied coverage based on a “medical necessity” requirement except for a reason unrelated to the legal status of the drug use.

  (5) A health insurance plan that provides coverage of a drug as required by this section may contain provisions for maximum benefits and coinsurance and reasonable limitations, deductibles, and exclusions to the same extent these provisions are applicable to coverage of all prescription drugs and are not inconsistent with the requirements of this section.

  (c) A determination by a health insurer that an off-label use of a prescription drug under this section is not a medically accepted indication supported by medical or scientific evidence is eligible for review under section 4063 of this title.

  (d) This section shall apply to Medicaid and any other public health care assistance program offered or administered by the State or by any subdivision or instrumentality of the State. (Recodified and amended 2025, No. 11, § 2, eff. September 1, 2025.)